G4 chapter 13

Chapter 13: Bridges then & now

​Word Meanings

  1. ​mobility: to have the capability to move from one place to another.
  2. ​knitted: made by interlocking threads or roots of a tree.
  3. ​irreversible: something that [cannot] be changed to what it was earlier.
  4. ​asphalt: a black and sticky material used to make a road’s surface.
  5. ​bitumen: black, sticky substance used to make roads.

​Short Answers

  1. ​What is a bridge?
    • ​A: A bridge is a structure built over a river, road or valley to help vehicles cross from one place to another.
  2. ​What is a living root bridge?
    • ​A: A living root bridge is a natural bridge made by guiding the roots of trees to grow across rivers.
  3. ​Mira is walking through a newly made road. On reaching home, she sees that a black, sticky substance has stuck to her shoes. What did she step on while crossing the road?
    • ​A: She stepped on tar (bitumen).

​Long Answers

  1. ​What are the advantages of building a bridge?
    • ​A: Bridges help people and vehicles cross rivers, roads & valleys easily. They save time and distance, improve transport, and help in trade and communication.
  2. ​Write about the importance of preserving the environment while constructing modern wonders of the world.
    • ​A: While constructing modern wonders, it is important to protect nature. Cutting fewer trees, reducing pollution, saving water and protecting animals help keep the environment safe. This ensures a healthy future for people and the planet.

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