G 5 chapter 10

Chapter 10: Major Wars


​Word Meanings

​Trenches: Deep holes in the ground from which to fire arms.
​Artillery: Large and heavy guns, wheeled from one place to another.
​Disputes: Disagreements between two countries over a subject.
​Dictators: Political leaders who have complete power over their country.
​Blocs: A group of countries united by a shared interest.
​Armistice: A formal agreement between warring parties to end a war.
​Great Depression: The global economic downfall during 1929–1939.
​Nazi Party: A political party that came to power in Germany under Adolf Hitler's leadership.
​Jews: People who traditionally believe in and follow Judaism.
​Concentration Camps: Zones or spaces where Jews were exploited and punished.

​Short Answer Questions

​1. When did the First World War start and end?
Ans: The First World War started on 28 July 1914 and ended on 11 November 1918.

​2. Name the blocs between whom the First World War was fought.
Ans: The First World War (1914–1918) took place between the Allied Powers and the Central Powers.
​Allied Powers: Britain, France, Russian Empire, Italy, USA, and Japan.
​Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria.

​3. When was the UN formed?
Ans: The United Nations was formed on 24 October 1945.

​

​Long Answer Questions

​1. How was Adolf Hitler responsible for the Second World War?
Ans: Adolf Hitler was the leader of Germany. He wanted Germany to become very strong and powerful. He did not follow the peace rules made after World War I and instead built a large army. Hitler began to attack and take over nearby countries. In 1939, he attacked Poland. Because of this attack, other countries like Britain and France declared war, and World War II began.
​Conclusion: World War II started because Hitler wanted more power and land, and he chose to use war instead of peace.

2. How did the Second World War came to an end?
Ans: World War II came to an end in 1945. In Europe, the war ended when Germany surrendered on 7 May 1945. In Asia the war ended when Japan surrendered on 2 September 1945. So World War II ended after Germany and Japan surrendered in 1945.

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