Heat Zone
The Earth is divided into different climatic zones based on the amount of sunlight received. These zones are marked by important latitudes like the Equator, Tropic of Cancer, Tropic of Capricorn, Arctic Circle, and Antarctic Circle.
Explanation of Zones:
-
Torrid Zone (Tropical Zone)
- Lies between the Tropic of Cancer (23½°N) and Tropic of Capricorn (23½°S).
- The Equator (0°) passes through the middle.
- This zone receives the direct rays of the Sun throughout the year.
- Climate: Very hot → called the hottest zone of the Earth.
- Example: Countries like India, Brazil, Indonesia, Kenya.
-
Temperate Zones
- North Temperate Zone → Between Tropic of Cancer (23½°N) and Arctic Circle (66½°N).
- South Temperate Zone → Between Tropic of Capricorn (23½°S) and Antarctic Circle (66½°S).
- These regions get slanting rays of the Sun, so they have moderate climate (not very hot, not very cold).
- Example: Europe, North America, parts of Argentina, Australia.
-
Frigid Zones (Cold Zones)
- North Frigid Zone → Between Arctic Circle (66½°N) and the North Pole (90°N).
- South Frigid Zone → Between Antarctic Circle (66½°S) and the South Pole (90°S).
- These areas get very little heat because the Sun’s rays are most slanting here.
- Covered with snow and ice → coldest regions.
- Example: Greenland, Antarctica.
✅ In short:
- Torrid Zone → Very hot.
- Temperate Zones → Moderate.
- Frigid Zones → Very cold.
1. Tropical Wet (Humid) – Found in coastal regions like Kerala, West Bengal, and Andaman & Nicobar Islands.
2. Tropical Dry – Includes desert (Rajasthan, Gujarat) and semi-arid regions (Deccan plateau).
3. Tropical Wet and Dry (Savanna) – Covers central and southern India, like Madhya Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha.
4. Montane (Mountain Climate) – Himalayan region, with cooler temperatures.
5. Arid (Desert) – Thar Desert in Rajasthan and parts of Gujarat.
6. Alpine/Polar – Found in higher altitudes of the Himalayas (Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh, Himachal, Uttarakhand).
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